This session has been set up on demand of CERN’s in order to give an overview of helium refrigeration that is connected to superconducting devices. Explain to the clients of helium refrigeration plants (persons who design or build or operate superconducting devices), where does the cryogenic power they need come from.
Each participant brings his/her PC loaded with the REFPROP® software. Participants must be familiar with Excel®. This educational session takes place within a three-day period (total time is around 21 hours).

• Cryogenics and thermodynamics basics for helium and nitrogen
  
• Heat exchanger theory
  
• Refrigeration and liquefaction
  
• Thermodynamical cycles for high power and for temperatures lower than 4.5 K
  
• Liquid nitrogen pre-cooling of a liquefier
  
• Thermal shield cooling

• Helium compression with oil lubricated screw compressor
  
• The oil management system
  
• Heat exchanger technology
  
• Cryogenic expansion turbines
  
• Cryogenic centrifugal compressors

• Easy use of REFPROP,
  
• Fluid expansion with heat input
  
• Heat exchanger operating at temperatures > 4.5 K

Visit of a local cryogenic helium plant